2024年3月12日发(作者：侍运珹)
2021
高考英语真题分类拔高练习
03
1.
（
2020·
新课标
Ⅱ
）阅读理解
科普环保类
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but
researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young
children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between
ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a
significant predictor of cognition(
认知
) after controlling for differences in parents'
income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during
everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26
and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
"The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,
on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(
旋转
)and translate shapes," Levine said in
a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and
about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income
parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and
girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play
with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial
language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
（
1
）
In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
ng confidence.
ping spatial skills.
ng self-control.
g high-tech knowledge.
（
2
）
What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment
？
s' age.
en's imagination.
1
s' education.
-parent relationship.
（
3
）
How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
play with puzzles more often.
tend to talk less during the game.
prefer to use more spatial language.
are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
（
4
）
What is the text mainly about?
A.A mathematical method.
B.A scientific study.
C.A woman psychologist
D.A teaching program.
2.
（
2019·
浙江）阅读理解
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be
published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor
（因素）
.
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on
more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area
was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada
Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the
number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern
California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who
was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing
development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California
forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources
（资源）
.
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with
another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a
widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from
woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest
water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that
2
calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they
needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil,
and the timing of snowmelt
（融雪）
.
Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the
state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air,
and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the
dry season.
（
1
）
What is the second paragraph mainly about?
seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
increasing variety of California big trees.
distribution of big trees in California forests.
influence of farming on big trees in California.
（
2
）
Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?
ical studies of forests.
g woodcutting.
ng housing development.
control measures.
（
3
）
What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre?
uate snowmelt.
B.A longer dry season.
C.A warmer climate.
ss of the air.
（
4
）
What can be a suitable title for the text?
rnia's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?
g of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon.
Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?
k Mclntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
3.
（
2019·
北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，选出
最佳选项。
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick
up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will
3
be scams (
欺诈
).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by
supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent
scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time
these "solutions" (
解决方案
) become widely available, scammers will have moved
onto cleverer means. In the near future, it's not just going to be the number you see on
your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice
you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (
处理
) and
automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to
use .At this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to
produce such a convincing human—sounding voice that it was able to speak to a
receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much
worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than
precision A decade of data breaches (
数据侵入
) of personal information has led to a
situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more. Armed
with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to
cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what
looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like
your bank teller's, ricking you into "confirming" your address, mother's name, and
card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of
business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing
relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers
and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and
communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to
mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning
phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps
like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder
from here on out.
4
2024年3月12日发(作者：侍运珹)
2021
高考英语真题分类拔高练习
03
1.
（
2020·
新课标
Ⅱ
）阅读理解
科普环保类
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but
researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young
children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between
ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a
significant predictor of cognition(
认知
) after controlling for differences in parents'
income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during
everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26
and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
"The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,
on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(
旋转
)and translate shapes," Levine said in
a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and
about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income
parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and
girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play
with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial
language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
（
1
）
In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
ng confidence.
ping spatial skills.
ng self-control.
g high-tech knowledge.
（
2
）
What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment
？
s' age.
en's imagination.
1
s' education.
-parent relationship.
（
3
）
How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
play with puzzles more often.
tend to talk less during the game.
prefer to use more spatial language.
are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
（
4
）
What is the text mainly about?
A.A mathematical method.
B.A scientific study.
C.A woman psychologist
D.A teaching program.
2.
（
2019·
浙江）阅读理解
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s, according to a study to be
published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor
（因素）
.
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on
more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area
was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada
Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the
number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern
California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick Mclntyre, an ecologist who
was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing
development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California
forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources
（资源）
.
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with
another one between 2001 and 2010, Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a
widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from
woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest
water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that
2
calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they
needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil,
and the timing of snowmelt
（融雪）
.
Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the
state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air,
and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the
dry season.
（
1
）
What is the second paragraph mainly about?
seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
increasing variety of California big trees.
distribution of big trees in California forests.
influence of farming on big trees in California.
（
2
）
Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?
ical studies of forests.
g woodcutting.
ng housing development.
control measures.
（
3
）
What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre?
uate snowmelt.
B.A longer dry season.
C.A warmer climate.
ss of the air.
（
4
）
What can be a suitable title for the text?
rnia's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?
g of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon.
Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?
k Mclntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
3.
（
2019·
北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
、
D
四个选项中，选出
最佳选项。
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick
up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will
3
be scams (
欺诈
).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by
supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent
scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time
these "solutions" (
解决方案
) become widely available, scammers will have moved
onto cleverer means. In the near future, it's not just going to be the number you see on
your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice
you're hearing is actually real.
That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation (
处理
) and
automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to
use .At this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to
produce such a convincing human—sounding voice that it was able to speak to a
receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much
worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than
precision A decade of data breaches (
数据侵入
) of personal information has led to a
situation where scammers can easily learn your mother's name, and far more. Armed
with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to
cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what
looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like
your bank teller's, ricking you into "confirming" your address, mother's name, and
card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of
business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing
relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers
and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and
communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to
mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning
phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps
like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder
from here on out.
4